SELECT 
  product_id, 
  short_description, 
  full_description 
FROM 
  q_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 
    541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 
    549, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 
    507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00072

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "72.01"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "q_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 30,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`portal`.`q_product_descriptions`.`product_id` in (533,534,535,536,537,538,539,540,541,542,543,544,545,546,547,548,549,500,501,502,503,504,505,506,507,508,509,510,511,512)) and (`portal`.`q_product_descriptions`.`lang_code` = 'en'))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "66.01",
        "eval_cost": "6.00",
        "prefix_cost": "72.01",
        "data_read_per_join": "114K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code",
        "short_description",
        "full_description"
      ]
    }
  }
}