SELECT 
  q_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      q_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      q_product_prices.price, 
      q_product_prices.price - (
        q_product_prices.price * q_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  q_product_prices 
WHERE 
  q_product_prices.product_id IN (
    9581, 9582, 9583, 9584, 9585, 9586, 9587, 
    9588, 9589, 9590, 9591, 9592, 9593, 
    9594, 9595, 9596, 9597, 9598, 9599, 
    9600, 9601, 9602, 9603, 9604, 9605, 
    9606, 9607, 9608, 9609, 9610, 9611, 
    9612
  ) 
  AND q_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND q_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  q_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00091

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "92.21"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "table": {
        "table_name": "q_product_prices",
        "access_type": "range",
        "possible_keys": [
          "usergroup",
          "product_id",
          "lower_limit",
          "usergroup_id"
        ],
        "key": "product_id",
        "used_key_parts": [
          "product_id"
        ],
        "key_length": "3",
        "rows_examined_per_scan": 43,
        "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
        "filtered": "19.99",
        "index_condition": "(`portal`.`q_product_prices`.`product_id` in (9581,9582,9583,9584,9585,9586,9587,9588,9589,9590,9591,9592,9593,9594,9595,9596,9597,9598,9599,9600,9601,9602,9603,9604,9605,9606,9607,9608,9609,9610,9611,9612))",
        "cost_info": {
          "read_cost": "90.49",
          "eval_cost": "1.72",
          "prefix_cost": "92.21",
          "data_read_per_join": "206"
        },
        "used_columns": [
          "product_id",
          "price",
          "percentage_discount",
          "lower_limit",
          "usergroup_id"
        ],
        "attached_condition": "((`portal`.`q_product_prices`.`lower_limit` = 1) and (`portal`.`q_product_prices`.`usergroup_id` in (0,1)))"
      }
    }
  }
}