SELECT 
  category_id, 
  parent_id 
FROM 
  q_categories 
WHERE 
  parent_id IN(
    437, 
    301, 
    543, 
    551, 
    191, 
    514, 
    477, 
    404, 
    160, 
    520, 
    602, 
    362, 
    7, 
    45, 
    590, 
    258, 
    259, 
    169, 
    209, 
    608, 
    413, 
    470, 
    285, 
    447, 
    446, 
    14, 
    331, 
    51, 
    444, 
    396, 
    439, 
    456, 
    368, 
    496, 
    250, 
    537, 
    436, 
    304, 
    9, 
    107, 
    134, 
    29, 
    101, 
    118, 
    3, 
    599, 
    423, 
    303, 
    2, 
    375, 
    85, 
    455, 
    102, 
    274, 
    78, 
    418, 
    435, 
    576, 
    114, 
    293, 
    426, 
    490, 
    185, 
    612, 
    611, 
    471, 
    440, 
    441, 
    130, 
    145, 
    40, 
    586, 
    407, 
    382, 
    545, 
    280, 
    524, 
    139, 
    148, 
    249, 
    564, 
    227, 
    384, 
    246, 
    461, 
    4, 
    93, 
    96, 
    13, 
    466, 
    478, 
    192, 
    149, 
    146, 
    79, 
    275, 
    408, 
    61, 
    135, 
    286, 
    210, 
    330, 
    294, 
    402, 
    284, 
    251, 
    369, 
    383, 
    131, 
    462, 
    41, 
    443, 
    159, 
    414, 
    281, 
    62, 
    515, 
    376, 
    119, 
    497, 
    106, 
    493, 
    264, 
    442, 
    448, 
    363, 
    525, 
    186, 
    354, 
    6, 
    467, 
    46, 
    170, 
    492, 
    103, 
    100, 
    108, 
    92, 
    97, 
    5, 
    50, 
    115, 
    257, 
    501, 
    507, 
    260, 
    546, 
    609, 
    68, 
    344, 
    15, 
    305, 
    427, 
    30, 
    247, 
    217, 
    266, 
    333, 
    53, 
    419, 
    538, 
    591, 
    431, 
    472, 
    140, 
    528, 
    193, 
    352, 
    287, 
    539, 
    508, 
    295, 
    42, 
    77, 
    38, 
    147, 
    355, 
    63, 
    31, 
    211, 
    592, 
    252, 
    276, 
    87, 
    463, 
    398, 
    120, 
    494, 
    409, 
    141, 
    502, 
    16, 
    449, 
    109, 
    366, 
    12, 
    136, 
    370, 
    218, 
    113, 
    187, 
    516, 
    132, 
    526, 
    364, 
    530, 
    98, 
    454, 
    512, 
    415, 
    377, 
    473, 
    104, 
    547, 
    237, 
    171, 
    116, 
    282, 
    334, 
    273, 
    498, 
    385, 
    468, 
    326, 
    47, 
    261, 
    150, 
    10, 
    71, 
    168, 
    80, 
    91, 
    306, 
    288, 
    94, 
    39, 
    163, 
    194, 
    283, 
    44, 
    84, 
    499, 
    371, 
    121, 
    212, 
    110, 
    527, 
    511, 
    416, 
    474, 
    593, 
    88, 
    289, 
    567, 
    390, 
    460, 
    464, 
    277, 
    399, 
    400, 
    230, 
    605, 
    32, 
    172, 
    117, 
    278, 
    11, 
    133, 
    137, 
    151, 
    55, 
    560, 
    99, 
    548, 
    105, 
    190, 
    450, 
    142, 
    540, 
    64, 
    509, 
    253, 
    296, 
    319, 
    387, 
    48, 
    43, 
    189, 
    517, 
    356, 
    184, 
    17, 
    597, 
    95, 
    476, 
    152, 
    195, 
    263, 
    475, 
    290, 
    555, 
    297, 
    220, 
    65, 
    489, 
    213, 
    122, 
    124, 
    410, 
    451, 
    308, 
    111, 
    541, 
    49, 
    523, 
    336, 
    302, 
    561, 
    164, 
    403, 
    138, 
    173, 
    269, 
    607, 
    33, 
    388, 
    56, 
    349, 
    594, 
    89, 
    292, 
    207, 
    254, 
    417, 
    18, 
    568, 
    143, 
    391, 
    82, 
    83, 
    328, 
    378, 
    165, 
    457, 
    196, 
    153, 
    240, 
    430, 
    255, 
    291, 
    361, 
    479, 
    214, 
    616, 
    90, 
    221, 
    565, 
    298, 
    458, 
    74, 
    571, 
    329, 
    34, 
    123, 
    337, 
    248, 
    174, 
    112, 
    19, 
    144, 
    615, 
    532, 
    562, 
    389, 
    582, 
    315, 
    232, 
    452, 
    360, 
    392, 
    505, 
    411, 
    600, 
    166, 
    197, 
    154, 
    323, 
    587, 
    205, 
    583, 
    215, 
    534, 
    175, 
    256, 
    393, 
    299, 
    604, 
    406, 
    311, 
    549, 
    401, 
    465, 
    20, 
    374, 
    35, 
    58, 
    245, 
    272, 
    222, 
    155, 
    198, 
    300, 
    271, 
    412, 
    176, 
    395, 
    536, 
    359, 
    167, 
    601, 
    216, 
    425, 
    572, 
    76, 
    21, 
    405, 
    339, 
    37, 
    585, 
    482, 
    312, 
    199, 
    156, 
    177, 
    22, 
    438, 
    495, 
    433, 
    432, 
    421, 
    573, 
    558, 
    610, 
    544, 
    224, 
    60, 
    340, 
    157, 
    200, 
    566, 
    563, 
    577, 
    434, 
    445, 
    574, 
    225, 
    66, 
    23, 
    422, 
    201, 
    158, 
    459, 
    613, 
    226, 
    179, 
    570, 
    342, 
    24, 
    569, 
    519, 
    578, 
    550, 
    575, 
    202, 
    596, 
    584, 
    25, 
    589, 
    394, 
    598, 
    552, 
    581, 
    180, 
    233, 
    203, 
    588, 
    554, 
    181, 
    26, 
    367, 
    234, 
    484, 
    617, 
    204, 
    606, 
    182, 
    557, 
    27, 
    619, 
    241, 
    533, 
    535, 
    242, 
    183, 
    559, 
    206, 
    28, 
    579, 
    243, 
    188, 
    386, 
    36, 
    618, 
    379, 
    244, 
    420, 
    595, 
    424, 
    481, 
    469, 
    518, 
    513, 
    428, 
    580, 
    521, 
    429, 
    614, 
    522, 
    556, 
    529, 
    531
  )

Query time 0.00184

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "134.53"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "q_categories",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "possible_keys": [
        "parent"
      ],
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 598,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 598,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "14.93",
        "eval_cost": "119.60",
        "prefix_cost": "134.53",
        "data_read_per_join": "1M"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "category_id",
        "parent_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`portal`.`q_categories`.`parent_id` in (437,301,543,551,191,514,477,404,160,520,602,362,7,45,590,258,259,169,209,608,413,470,285,447,446,14,331,51,444,396,439,456,368,496,250,537,436,304,9,107,134,29,101,118,3,599,423,303,2,375,85,455,102,274,78,418,435,576,114,293,426,490,185,612,611,471,440,441,130,145,40,586,407,382,545,280,524,139,148,249,564,227,384,246,461,4,93,96,13,466,478,192,149,146,79,275,408,61,135,286,210,330,294,402,284,251,369,383,131,462,41,443,159,414,281,62,515,376,119,497,106,493,264,442,448,363,525,186,354,6,467,46,170,492,103,100,108,92,97,5,50,115,257,501,507,260,546,609,68,344,15,305,427,30,247,217,266,333,53,419,538,591,431,472,140,528,193,352,287,539,508,295,42,77,38,147,355,63,31,211,592,252,276,87,463,398,120,494,409,141,502,16,449,109,366,12,136,370,218,113,187,516,132,526,364,530,98,454,512,415,377,473,104,547,237,171,116,282,334,273,498,385,468,326,47,261,150,10,71,168,80,91,306,288,94,39,163,194,283,44,84,499,371,121,212,110,527,511,416,474,593,88,289,567,390,460,464,277,399,400,230,605,32,172,117,278,11,133,137,151,55,560,99,548,105,190,450,142,540,64,509,253,296,319,387,48,43,189,517,356,184,17,597,95,476,152,195,263,475,290,555,297,220,65,489,213,122,124,410,451,308,111,541,49,523,336,302,561,164,403,138,173,269,607,33,388,56,349,594,89,292,207,254,417,18,568,143,391,82,83,328,378,165,457,196,153,240,430,255,291,361,479,214,616,90,221,565,298,458,74,571,329,34,123,337,248,174,112,19,144,615,532,562,389,582,315,232,452,360,392,505,411,600,166,197,154,323,587,205,583,215,534,175,256,393,299,604,406,311,549,401,465,20,374,35,58,245,272,222,155,198,300,271,412,176,395,536,359,167,601,216,425,572,76,21,405,339,37,585,482,312,199,156,177,22,438,495,433,432,421,573,558,610,544,224,60,340,157,200,566,563,577,434,445,574,225,66,23,422,201,158,459,613,226,179,570,342,24,569,519,578,550,575,202,596,584,25,589,394,598,552,581,180,233,203,588,554,181,26,367,234,484,617,204,606,182,557,27,619,241,533,535,242,183,559,206,28,579,243,188,386,36,618,379,244,420,595,424,481,469,518,513,428,580,521,429,614,522,556,529,531))"
    }
  }
}

Result

category_id parent_id
437 412
543 190
551 190
3 2
4 3
7 6
9 61
13 12
14 13
29 15
40 38
45 44
51 50
52 51
69 68
78 77
85 84
93 91
96 95
101 100
102 101
107 106
114 113
118 117
130 11
134 10
139 138
145 144
148 147
160 159
169 168
185 184
191 190
208 207
227 226
235 234
246 245
249 248
250 249
258 257
259 258
265 264
274 273
279 278
285 284
293 46
303 302
304 308
316 315
324 323
331 330
332 331
345 344
353 352
362 361
368 367
375 300
382 299
384 383
396 395
404 403
407 406
413 412
418 191
423 422
426 425
435 434
436 255
439 438
440 439
441 440
444 443
446 445
447 446
455 454
456 455
461 460
466 465
470 469
471 470
477 476
490 435
496 250
500 251
506 254
514 513
520 519
524 523
537 536
545 544
564 555
576 401
586 135
590 589
599 581
602 375
608 27
611 610
612 611
5 3
15 13
30 15
41 38
46 44
50 12
53 51
61 7
62 61
68 50
70 68
79 77
92 91
97 95
100 144
103 101
106 100
108 106
115 113
119 117
131 11
135 10
140 138
146 144
149 147
159 6
161 159
170 168
186 184
192 190
217 207
228 226
236 234
247 245
251 249
257 248
260 258
264 257
266 264
275 273
284 278
286 284
294 46
305 308
317 315
325 323
330 302
333 331
344 330
346 344
354 352
363 361
369 367
376 300
383 299
397 395
402 383
408 406
414 412
419 191
427 425
431 299
442 439
443 438
448 446
462 460
467 465
472 470
478 476
493 422
492 435
497 250
501 251
507 254
515 513
525 523
528 519
538 536
546 544
591 589
609 27
10 2
16 14
31 15
38 13
39 3
42 38
47 44
54 51
63 61
71 68
77 50
80 77
87 84
91 604
94 91
98 95
104 101
109 106
113 100
116 113
120 117
132 11
136 10
141 138
147 7
150 147
162 159
168 6
171 168
187 184
193 190
218 207
229 226
237 234
252 249
261 258
267 264
273 248
276 273
287 284
288 278
295 46
306 308
318 315
326 323
334 331
347 344
352 330
355 352
364 361
366 144
370 367
377 300
385 299
398 395
409 406
415 412
449 446
454 438
463 460
468 465
473 470
494 422
498 250
502 251
508 254
510 257
512 383
516 513
526 523
530 519
539 536
547 544
592 589
11 2
17 14
32 15
43 38
44 13
48 44
55 51
64 61
72 68
81 77
84 50
88 84
95 12
99 91
105 101
110 106
117 100
121 117
133 11
137 10
142 138
151 147
163 159
172 168
184 6
189 184
194 190
219 207
230 226
238 234
253 249
262 258
268 264
277 273
278 248
289 278
296 46
307 308
319 315
327 323
335 331
348 344
356 352
365 361
371 367
387 299
390 300
399 395
400 144
416 412
450 446
460 438
464 460
474 470
499 250
503 251
509 254
511 257
517 513
527 523
540 536
548 544
560 383
567 406
593 589
597 95
605 604
18 14
33 15
49 44
56 51
65 61
73 68
82 77
83 38
89 84
111 106
122 117
124 100
138 2
143 138
152 147
164 159
173 168
195 190
220 207
231 226
239 234
254 249
263 258
269 264
290 278
292 6
297 46
302 248
308 303
309 308
320 315
328 323
336 331
349 344
357 352
372 367
378 184
388 299
391 361
403 458
410 300
417 412
451 446
475 470
476 438
489 253
504 251
523 11
541 536
555 12
561 383
568 406
594 589
607 604
19 14
34 15
57 51
74 68
90 84
112 106
123 117
144 2
153 147
165 159
174 168
196 190
221 207
232 226
240 234
255 249
270 264
291 278
298 46
310 308
315 303
321 315
329 323
337 331
350 344
360 6
361 248
373 367
389 299
392 361
411 184
430 300
452 446
457 100
458 144
479 438
505 251
532 253
582 12
562 383
565 412
571 406
600 44
615 469
616 589
20 14
35 15
58 51
401 299
75 68
154 147
166 159
175 168
197 190
205 84
222 207
245 2
256 249
272 264
311 308
322 315
323 303
338 331
351 344
358 323
374 367
393 248
406 6
453 446
465 184
534 300
549 144
583 100
587 438
604 12
21 14
37 15
59 51
76 68
155 147
167 159
176 168
198 190
223 207
271 249
312 308
339 331
359 323
395 248
405 2
412 299
425 6
482 446
536 184
572 300
585 144
601 84
22 14
60 51
156 147
177 168
199 190
224 207
313 308
340 331
421 299
432 2
433 249
438 6
495 159
544 248
558 184
573 300
23 14
66 51
157 147
200 190
225 207
314 308
341 331
422 299
434 249
445 6
563 159
566 248
574 300
577 578
24 14
158 147
179 168
201 190
226 207
342 331
343 308
459 249
519 6
550 299
569 248
570 159
575 300
578 2
613 51
552 299
25 14
180 168
202 190
233 207
394 308
581 300
584 147
589 2
596 6
598 248
367 6
26 14
181 168
203 190
234 207
484 249
554 299
588 300
617 2
27 14
182 168
204 190
241 207
533 249
557 299
606 300
619 6
28 14
183 168
206 190
242 207
535 249
559 299
36 14
188 168
243 207
386 190
579 249
618 299
244 168
379 207
420 190
595 249
424 190
469 207
481 168
428 190
513 207
518 168
429 190
521 168
580 207
522 168
556 190
614 207
529 168
531 168